Components of Our Food
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I. Tick the correct options.
1. Severe cases of scurvy can
cause
cause
a. sudden death b. Weak bones c. Loss of night vision d. Weak eyes
2. To treat anaemia, it is
also important to prevent
also important to prevent
a.
overeating b. Stomach pain c. Intake of iodised salt d. Worm
infections
overeating b. Stomach pain c. Intake of iodised salt d. Worm
infections
3. Iron is needed by the body
to make
to make
a.
white blood cells b. Red blood cells c. Bones and teeth strong d. Vitamins
white blood cells b. Red blood cells c. Bones and teeth strong d. Vitamins
4. Fish liver oil provides
a.
vitamins C and D b. Vitamins A, C
and iodine c. Vitamins A and D d. Vitamins B and C
vitamins C and D b. Vitamins A, C
and iodine c. Vitamins A and D d. Vitamins B and C
5. Groundnuts and sunflower
seeds are sources of
seeds are sources of
a.
carbohydrates b. Sugars c. Edible
oils d. Food colour
carbohydrates b. Sugars c. Edible
oils d. Food colour
II. Tick (P) the true statements and cross (×) the false statement.
1.
Vitamin A is made by the skin when the body is exposed to sunlight. ×
Vitamin A is made by the skin when the body is exposed to sunlight. ×
2.
Oranges and lemons are rich in vitamin C.P
Oranges and lemons are rich in vitamin C.P
3.
People involved in physical labour require more carbohydrates in their diet.P
People involved in physical labour require more carbohydrates in their diet.P
4.
Anaemia is caused by inadequate vitamin C in the diet. ×
Anaemia is caused by inadequate vitamin C in the diet. ×
5.
Green leafy vegetables are rich in vitamins and minerals.P
Green leafy vegetables are rich in vitamins and minerals.P
III. Answer the following
questions in one sentence.
questions in one sentence.
1.
Which nutrient helps the body to grow?
Which nutrient helps the body to grow?
Ans:- Proteins helps the body to grow.
2.
What causes protein- energy malnutrition?
What causes protein- energy malnutrition?
Ans:- When daily diet of any person does not contain enough of
carbohydrates, fats and proteins, it leads to protein- energy malnutrition.
carbohydrates, fats and proteins, it leads to protein- energy malnutrition.
3.
What causes anaemia?
What causes anaemia?
Ans:- Deficiency of iron in the diet causes anaemia.
4. How can goitre be
prevented?
prevented?
Ans:- Goitre can be prevented by adding food items rich in iodine. Eg-
iodised salt, fish, boiled egg etc.
iodised salt, fish, boiled egg etc.
5. Why should fibre form an important
part of our diet?
part of our diet?
Ans:- Fibre is
the part of the food that cannot be digested by the body. It is found only in
plant foods, particularly in skins, seeds and stalks of fruits and vegetables.
It is also found in the bran of cereal grains – wholegrain breads and cereals.
There is no fibre in animal foods. Fibre is an important part of a healthy
balanced diet. It helps to keep our bowel healthy and functioning properly.
Children who eat a low fibre diet are at risk of constipation or poor bowel
health.
the part of the food that cannot be digested by the body. It is found only in
plant foods, particularly in skins, seeds and stalks of fruits and vegetables.
It is also found in the bran of cereal grains – wholegrain breads and cereals.
There is no fibre in animal foods. Fibre is an important part of a healthy
balanced diet. It helps to keep our bowel healthy and functioning properly.
Children who eat a low fibre diet are at risk of constipation or poor bowel
health.
6. Name any two food items
rich in potassium.
rich in potassium.
Ans:- Green leafy vegetables and fish are rich in potassium.
IV. Answer the following
questions in two sentences.
questions in two sentences.
1. What is a balanced diet?
Ans:- The daily intake of food which contains all the necessary nutrients
in the right quantities is called a balanced diet.
in the right quantities is called a balanced diet.
2. List the symptoms of
malnutrition.
malnutrition.
Ans:- Symptoms of malnutrition include:-
i. Tiredness and irritability.
ii. Loss of fat, muscles mass and body tissue.
iii. Higher risk of getting sick.
iv. Lack of interest in food or drink.
3. What causes scurvy? What
are its symptoms?
are its symptoms?
Ans:- Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy.
Symptoms of scurvy are-
i. Swollen or bleeding gum.
ii. Wounds that may fail to heal.
4. Why must babies be exposed
to sunlight?
to sunlight?
Ans:- Babies must be exposed to morning sunlight as vitamin D is made by
the skin when the body is exposed to sunlight.
the skin when the body is exposed to sunlight.
5.
Why is calcium important for the body?
Why is calcium important for the body?
Ans:- Calcium is important for body because it makes bones and teeth
healthy.
healthy.
V. Answer the following
questions in about four to five sentences.
questions in about four to five sentences.
1.Why does the body need a
regular supply of clean water?
regular supply of clean water?
Ans:- Body needs regular supply of clean water because-
i. It is a major component of the blood and every cell.
ii. It maintains body temperature.
iii. It helps for digestion.
iv. It helps in cleaning blood by forming urine.
2.
Explain the importance of the following vitamins and the food items from which
they can be obtained/
Explain the importance of the following vitamins and the food items from which
they can be obtained/
i. Vitamin A ii. Vitamin B iii. Vitamin C iv. Vitamin D
Ans:-
|
Vitamins
|
Importance
|
Food sources
|
|
Vitamin
A |
·
Keeps eyes and skin healthy |
Carrot, green leafy vegetables, papaya, fish, egg, butter etc.
|
|
Vitamin
B |
·
Keeps muscles, brain and nerve healthy
·
Helps in making red blood cells |
Whole grain,nuts,gram,bean,pea,soya
bean,mung,milk,curd,liver,meat,fish,egg,spinach |
|
Vitamin
C |
·
Keeps gums and skin healthy
·
Helps heal cuts
·
Builds immunity |
Fresh lemon, orange, sweet lime, tomato, spinach, gooseberry
|
|
Vitamin D
|
·
Makes bones and teeth strong and healthy |
Fish, cod liver oil, eggs, mushrooms
|
3. Write a passage on balanced
diet.
diet.
Ans:- A
balanced diet is one that provides an adequate amount of energy and nutrients
for maintenance of the body and therefore good health. A diet can easily be
adequate for normal bodily functioning, yet may not be a balanced diet. An
ideal human diet contains fat, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals,
water and fibre all in correct proportions. These proportions vary for each
individual because everyone has different metabolic rates and levels of
activity.
balanced diet is one that provides an adequate amount of energy and nutrients
for maintenance of the body and therefore good health. A diet can easily be
adequate for normal bodily functioning, yet may not be a balanced diet. An
ideal human diet contains fat, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals,
water and fibre all in correct proportions. These proportions vary for each
individual because everyone has different metabolic rates and levels of
activity.
4.
How are the following minerals useful to the body?
How are the following minerals useful to the body?
i.
calcium ii. Iron iii. Potassium iv. Iodine
calcium ii. Iron iii. Potassium iv. Iodine
Ans:- i. Calcium- It makes bones
and teeth strong.
and teeth strong.
ii. Iron- The body needs iron to make Red Blood Cells (RBCs).
iii. Potassium- It helps to keep the muscles, brain and nerves healthy.
iv. Iodine- It is needed for the proper growth of body.
5.
List three cooking practices which can lead to the loss of nutrients present in
food.
List three cooking practices which can lead to the loss of nutrients present in
food.
Ans:- Three cooking practices which can lead to the loss of nutrients
present in food are-
present in food are-
i. Overheating or over boiling leads to the loss of vitamin C
ii. Repeated washing of rice and pulses can decrease their nutrient
content.
content.
iii. Peeling of the skin of potatoes and apples result in the loss of
vitamins and minerals.
vitamins and minerals.
6.
How is milk a complete food?
How is milk a complete food?
Ans:- Milk is regarded as a complete food
because of its rich content of protein, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and
various minerals essential for sustaining life and maintaining good health.
because of its rich content of protein, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and
various minerals essential for sustaining life and maintaining good health.
Try
doing by yourself
doing by yourself
HOT
1.
Create a diet plan
Create a diet plan
2
Tick the Correct Vitamins/Minerals
Tick the Correct Vitamins/Minerals
Value
based question
based question
Read
the following passage and answer the questions
the following passage and answer the questions
Mother milk is an excellent source of nutrition for a
baby till the age of 12 months. As the baby reaches the age of six months,
other foods should be introduced. Anu is a working woman. Because Anu could not
remain home for more than 3 month, she fed her newborn with powder milk. As a
result, the child became weak.
baby till the age of 12 months. As the baby reaches the age of six months,
other foods should be introduced. Anu is a working woman. Because Anu could not
remain home for more than 3 month, she fed her newborn with powder milk. As a
result, the child became weak.
1. Why did the child became weak?
·
The child
is unable to get human milk which has following advantages
The child
is unable to get human milk which has following advantages
1. Human
milk contains saturated and unsaturated fats, as well as cholesterol, an
important constituent of brain and nerve tissue.
milk contains saturated and unsaturated fats, as well as cholesterol, an
important constituent of brain and nerve tissue.
2. The fat
in breast milk is more digestible than that in powder milk.
in breast milk is more digestible than that in powder milk.
3. The
energy breast milk provides is more efficiently utilised, than the energy
provided by the powdered milk.
energy breast milk provides is more efficiently utilised, than the energy
provided by the powdered milk.
4. Human
milk contains a full range of vitamins and minerals in an easily digestible
combination.
milk contains a full range of vitamins and minerals in an easily digestible
combination.
5. Special
immune system protective proteins are present in Human milk. These provide
protection against diarrhoea, food allergies and infections.
immune system protective proteins are present in Human milk. These provide
protection against diarrhoea, food allergies and infections.
·
The child doesn’t get food supplements to
overcome the deficiency of Iron.
The child doesn’t get food supplements to
overcome the deficiency of Iron.
What should Anu do to ensure the well-being of her
child?
child?
Anu should provide her baby semi solid food
(Example given)
(Example given)
·
Fruits Puree: Fruits should be steamed, and mashed or pureed while
introducing for the first time. Fruits like apples, bananas, pear, avocado,
chickoo and peaches can be given.
Fruits Puree: Fruits should be steamed, and mashed or pureed while
introducing for the first time. Fruits like apples, bananas, pear, avocado,
chickoo and peaches can be given.
·
Vegetable Puree: Vegetables such sweet potatoes, potatoes, carrots, sweet
pumpkin, french beans, etc. can be steamed and given.
Vegetable Puree: Vegetables such sweet potatoes, potatoes, carrots, sweet
pumpkin, french beans, etc. can be steamed and given.
·
Pulses Soup: A variety of pulses can be boiled with water and the soup can
be given to babies.
Pulses Soup: A variety of pulses can be boiled with water and the soup can
be given to babies.
·
Rice Porridge: Rice is a good source of carbohydrates and vitamins for
babies. Broken rice can be given as porridge.
Rice Porridge: Rice is a good source of carbohydrates and vitamins for
babies. Broken rice can be given as porridge.
·
Cereal Porridge: Porridge can also be made from a variety of single grain
cereals like wheat, millet, barley, oats, etc.
Cereal Porridge: Porridge can also be made from a variety of single grain
cereals like wheat, millet, barley, oats, etc.
·
Vegetable Soup: A variety of vegetables can be boiled in water, and the stock
can be given as soup.
Vegetable Soup: A variety of vegetables can be boiled in water, and the stock
can be given as soup.